Cellulite Orbital is a serious disease of tissues which mostly affects to the eyelids, cheek and eyebrow. Orbital cellulite has various causes and may be related with severe complications. There is no difference in sexes in adults, it may happen to both male as well as female but in children it is more common in males than females. It is most common to the children than adults and the age in which it mostly occur is 7 to 12. Severe cellulite orbital may cause to the visual loss. The mortality rate of this disease was 17% and blindness rate was 20% because of no proper treatment but now as there is prompt diagnosis and appropriate use of antibiotics the rate has been reduced, blindness occurs in up to 11%.
Causes of cellulite orbital
It is caused by infection of the orbital soft tissues
direct extension of infection from the globe, eyelids, ocular adnexum, and other periocular tissues, as well as the sinuses.
there are some bacterial causes such as Streptococcus species, S aureus, and Haemophilus influenzae type B. Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Eikenella.
it may be caused by by any injury perforating the orbital septum.
Sign and symptom of cellulite orbital
Fever
Headache
Decreased vision
pain in eye area
Treatment of cellulite orbital
The patient should hospitalized as soon as possible for the treatment and should hospitalized until the patient is clearly improved clinically. Historically, the presence of subperiosteal or intraorbital abscess then it is an indication for surgical drainage in addition to antibiotic therapy. Medical care include use of appropriate antibiotics. Intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics should be given to the patient. Typically, intravenous antibiotic therapy and oral antibiotic should used 1-2 weeks. Anti fungal therapy along with surgical debridement should be used for the fungal infection. Firstly it is treated with medicine if it doesn't work then surgical treatment is require and it is require mostly in the following condition-
A decrease in vision
An afferent pupillary defect develops
Proptosis progresses despite appropriate antibiotic therapy